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Forehead & eyes measurement

Forehead Slope

Slope of the forehead from the forehead point (straight above nasion) down to the glabella, relative to vertical. Larger values mean a more sloping forehead or a more prominent brow, as is typical of male faces; values near zero an upright, flat forehead.

FoGPoOr
The points and construction lines on a reference profile, with the Frankfort horizontal level.

At a glance

Ideal
15–22° (men) · 12–16° (women)
Unit
degrees
Weight in the overall score
2
Area
Forehead & eyes

How it is measured

∠ between Fo→G and the perpendicular to the Frankfort horizontal (positive = brow ahead)

  • Fo Forehead point — The point on the forehead straight above nasion — where a line through nasion, perpendicular to the Frankfort horizontal, meets the skin.
  • G Glabella — The most forward point of the forehead, on the midline between the eyebrows.
  • Po Tragion (porion) — The top of the tragus — the small flap in front of the ear canal. With orbitale it defines the Frankfort horizontal.
  • Or Orbitale — The lowest point of the bony eye-socket rim, just below the lower eyelid.

Ideal range and tiers

Each value falls into a tier (T1 = ideal). Comfortably inside T1 the rating is 10, easing to 9.5 at the edges of the ideal range; beyond it the rating falls with the deviation — fastest in the first tiers outside the ideal — down to 0 at the far end of the worst tier.

Men
TierRangeRating
T1 Ideal15–22°9.5–10
T2 Near ideal12–15° or 22–25°6.7–9.5
T3 Mild deviation9–12° or 25–28°4.3–6.7
T4 Moderate deviation5–9° or 28–32°2.1–4.3
T5 Severe deviation< 5° or > 32°0–2.1
Women
TierRangeRating
T1 Ideal12–16°9.5–10
T2 Near ideal9–12° or 16–19°6.7–9.5
T3 Mild deviation6–9° or 19–22°4.3–6.7
T4 Moderate deviation2–6° or 22–26°2.1–4.3
T5 Severe deviation< 2° or > 26°0–2.1

Related measurements

References

  1. Hwang HS, Kim WS, McNamara JA Jr. Ethnic differences in the soft tissue profile of Korean and European-American adults with normal occlusions and well-balanced faces. Angle Orthod. 2002;72(1):72–80.